Run the Pkgutil utility with flags.
--packages, --pkgs
List all installed package IDs on the specified --volume.
or
--pkgs-plist
List all installed package IDs on the specified --volume in
Mac OS X plist(5) format.
Example output from PkgUtil --pkgs
Mac-mini ~ % pkgutil --pkgs
com.apple.files.data-template
com.apple.pkg.XProtectPayloads_10_15.16U4207
com.apple.pkg.XProtectPlistConfigData_10_15.16U4179
com.apple.pkg.XProtectPlistConfigData_10_15.16U4197
com.apple.pkg.MRTConfigData_10_15.16U4173
com.apple.pkg.MRTConfigData_10_15.16U4196
com.apple.pkg.AppExceptions_12_0.16U2242
com.apple.pkg.MRTConfigData_10_15.16U4178
com.apple.pkg.AppExceptions_12_0.16U2225
com.apple.pkg.XProtectPlistConfigData_10_15.16U4206
com.apple.pkg.XProtectPlistConfigData_10_15.16U4170
com.apple.pkg.XProtectPlistConfigData_10_15.16U4174
com.apple.pkg.XProtectPlistConfigData_10_15.16U4203
com.apple.pkg.XProtectPayloads_10_15.16U4209
com.microsoft.package.Microsoft_AU_Bootstrapper.app
com.mackeeper.MacKeeper.pkg
com.piriform.pkg.CCleaner
com.microsoft.package.Microsoft_AutoUpdate.app
com.policypak.PolicyPakCloudCertificate
com.policypak.PolicyPak
com.microsoft.SkypeForBusiness
com.policypak.PolicyPakInstaller